Nut-locking bolt



(No Model.)

E.` STANGLIPP. NUT LOCKING BOLT No. 514,570; Patented Peb. 13, 1894.

mmm l UNITED STATES PATENT erica.

EDVIN STANOLIFF, OF NEl/V YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO THOMAS ORGILL, OF SAME PLACE, AND MEMPHIS, TENNESSEE.

NUT-LOC KING BO LT.

SPECIFICATION' forming part of Letters Patent No. 514,570, dated February 1S, 1894. Application filed July 17, 1893. Serial No. 480,683. (No model.)

screw or similar device split on a plane thatruns in the general direction of its length, wlth the two parts laid together so as to make the bolt complete, each part carrying a por-` tion of the thread of `the bolt and one part being beveled along one side by cutting away a portion of the face that contacts with the other part in such manner as to form a longi-` tudinal rocking edge so positioned that if the parts are rocked relatively to each other upon this edge in one direction their joint diameter is increased beyond their normal joint diameter. And it further consists in certain other details hereinafterspecically described and claimed.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, Figure 1 shows my improved bolt applied to attaching fish-plates to rails. Figs. 2 and 3 are details from Fig. 1. Figui. is a side lview of my improved bolt. Fig. 5 is a side view of a 'modiication. Fig. 6 is an end view of a second modification.

In Figs. 1 to 5 the boltis made in two parts. In Fig. 6 it is made in three parts.

The number of parts is not material except as hereinafter specified but it is preferable to make the holt in two parts.

Referring to Fig. 1 the rail 1 has attached to it the fish-plates 2 and 3, in which are cut holes 4,having notches 5,the purpose of which will hereinafter appear.

Referring particularly to Figs. 2, 3, and 4, the bolt is seen to be split into two parts on a plane that runs in the general direction of the bolt the split running clear across the holt. The plane of the split is shown as a longitudinal plane which includes the central 1ongitudinal axis of the bolt. From part 7 a portion of one edge is cut away along its whole length so as to present on its under side two faces 12 and 13 at an angle to each other.

These two faces are plane faces which run the entire length of the portion 7 and intersect each other in aline that is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the bolt. These two faces are shown clearly in outline in Fig. 2 where the face 13 appears in contact with a portion of the flat face of the part 6, and the face 12 lies along the remaining portion of the atface of the part 6,hut at an angleinstead of in contact with it. The heads 10 and.` 11 of the two parts of the bolt are ilattened `parallel to the flat face of part 6, and the face 13 of the part 7, the purpose of which will hereinafter appear. The part G also has a tin 8 projecting along the body of the bolt from the head toward the other end. This iin is intended to fit into thenotch 5 so as to preventv the part 6 from turning, for reasons which will hereinafter appear. The threads of the bolt'are shown in Fig. t and marked 14.

If the two parts of the bolt shown in Fig. 4 be placed together as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, so that the flat face of the part 6 and the face 13 of the part 7 are in contact, the two parts will form together a boit split longitudinally on a plane which passes through the longitudinal axis of the bolt and from which a longitudinal wedge is cut away, this wedge being represented in Fig. 2 by the triangular space between the face 12 and a portion of the dat face of the part 6. lf a nuthe turned on to the threaded end ot' these two parts when so placed together its movements will be in the direction of the tailed arrow shown in Fig. 2 viz., the same direction as the movement of the hands of a watch, the thread being an ordinary right handed screw thread. If the part 6 be held stationary the friction of the nut will tend to turn the part 7 in the direction of the tailless arrow, that is, so as to keep the face 13 of the part 7 in contact with, the dat face of the part 6. So long as the parts are maintained in this position the bolt is as before stated a cylindrical bolt with a small wedge' cut out and the nut will turn on to the bolt exactly as though it were a solid bolt. if, however, it be attempted to turn the nut off and the part 6 is held stationary as before, the friction between the threads of the nut and boltwill tend to turn the part 7 in the direction of the tailless arrow of Fig. 3,

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of a watch. This will tend to bring the face 12 into contact with the flat face of the part 6 and throw the face 13 out f contact therewith. Or in other words will'tend to rock the part 7 on the edge which marks the intersection of the faces 12 and 13. And here lies the gist of the invention, for (the bolt being split on a plane which includes the central longitudinal axis of the bolt) if these faces be so cut that the beveled face 12 does not cut through to the longitudinal axis of the bolt, in other words, if in a section through the bolt at right angles to its longitudinal axis, the line which marks the face 13 is greater than the radius of the bolt and the line which marks the face 12 is less than the radius of the bolt as is shown in Figs. 2 and 3then if the part 7 be rocked on the rocking edge which bounds the two faces the diameter of the bolt will be increased and the nut will bind.

The question as to which way the part 7 of the bolt will be rocked is determined by the location of the beveled edge. Taking forinstance Fig. 2 in which a right handed screw is shown, the beveled face 12 must lie to the right of the upper side of the part 6. If it lay to the right of the lower side of part 6, then when. the nut was turned to the right, it would rock the part 7 and the nut could not be turned on, though it could be turned off without any trouble. If there were a bevel at both the upper and lower edges similar to the one shown at the upper edge the nut could not be turned in either direction unless the parts were held together. If the screw were a left handed screw the bevel would of course have to be at the lower edge of the part 7 instead of at the upper edge as shown. I therefore have here a bolt on to which a nut can readily be turned, but from which it is removed with difficulty if the part 7 is left free to turn on its rocking edge. If a bolt such as shown in Fig. 4L on to which a nut has been partly started be held by the part 6 and the part 7 be left free, the nut can be turned on but cannot be turned off, as above substantially stated. If, however, it be held by the part 7 and the part i be left free, the nut can be turned od but cannot be turned on. The reason for this is, that in turning the nut in the direction of the tailed arrow of Fig. 2 the part 6 will be rocked on the rocking edge of the part 7 in the direction of the tailless arrow and the diameter of the bolt will be increased, whereas if the nut be turned in the direction of the tailed arrow of Fig. 3, the part 6 will be rocked in the direction of the tailless arrow of Fig. 3, and its flat face be brought in contact with the face 13, and the bolt will remain substantially cylindrical.

It is not necessary that the' bolt should be split along its whole length and this may be objectionable as perhaps tending to weaken the bolt. 1t is only necessary that the part of the thread of the bolt should be on a piece that can rock on an edge arranged as described. I have, therefore, shown in Fig. 5 a modification in which the body 19 of the bolt is solid from its head 18 down to and partly including the threaded part 20. It has a piece 21 cut from the bolt by a split that runs only part way along ther length of the threaded portion of the bolt, another cut being made transversely to sever the part 2l from the rest of the bolt. After being severedfrom the rest of the bolt the part 2l is cut to form a bevel face 22, similar to the face 12, of the bolt shown in the foregoing figures. A nut started on this bolt may be run on to the bolt with ease and if wide enough to cover two or three threads of the piece 2l,or enough of them to get a grip on it, it will when itis attempted to turn it off rock this piece on its rocking edge and thereby increase the diameter of the bolt and be bound by it. f

It will be obvious from the foregoing that it is immaterial how long the piece 21 is, provided it is long enough to stayin place when the nut is turned on and to take enough of the threads of the nut to insure that it will be rocked when it is attempted to turn the nut off. The fin 8 shown in Fig. 4 is also shown in Fig. 5 but it is not so important in this form as iu the other.

The foregoing discussion will show that the only reason why the nut comes off with difliculty, is that the part which is beveled off isA rocked on its edge and the diameter thereby increased. 'When it is desired to get the nut ott, it is only necessary bytaking hold of the parts 10 and 1l shown in Fig. 4 with a wrench or other device to hold the face 13 in contact with the dat face of the part 6. As the part 7 cannot then be rocked the diameter of the bolt is not increased and the nut will come off. I have not shown any convenient method of effecting this in respect to the bolt shown in Fig. 5, but that could be easily arranged, as, for instance, by having projections from the ends where the numerals 22 and 20 appear in Fig. 5 or having holes drilled into these ends into which points of a suitable device could be inserted so as to hold the parts together.

In case the bolt is split on a plane that includes its central longitudinal axis the contacting faces of the two parts before either of the parts is beveled are equal in breadth to the diameter of the bolt. In this case, if the bevel along the edge of one of the parts, which is cut to form the rocking edge, cuts away less than half of the flat contacting face of the part beveled then the diameter of the bolt is increased by rocking either of the parts upon this edge; if the bevel cuts away exactly half of the said flat face then the diameter is not altered by rocking either part upon that rocking edge; andif the bevelcuts away more than half of the said Iiat face then the diameter is diminished by rocking either of the parts upon the rocking edge. If, however, the parts are split on a longitudinal plane which does not include the central 1ongitudinal axis of the bolt and one of the parts is beveled by cutting away a part of its flat contacting face the diameter of the bolt is increased beyond its normal diameter by rocking the parts relatively to each other on this edge irrespective of how much of the said fiat contacting face is cut away to form the rocking edge. For a portion of the circumference of one 0f the parts will fall without the circle which marks the circumference of the bolt when the parts are in normal position. But. it is preferable that less than half the iiat contacting face be cut away to forml the rocking edge in every case. I Wish it understood that I do not limit myself in my broader claims to a particular location of the rocking edge, but claim broadly a bolt composed of two parts one of which is beveled so as to form a rocking edge on which it will be rocked by friction so as to increase the diameter of thejbolt beyond its normal diameter.

rI he bolt in three parts shown in Fig. 6 will resist the nut whether turned on or ed but it may be heldwhile the parts are being turned on so as to prevent the rocking of the parts in which case the nut will go on readily, but will not come oft unless the parts are held for the purpose of effecting this. Or there might be two rocking edges in a bolt of the form of Fig. 1i, one on each side of the longitudinal axis. Such a bolt will resist the nut when turned in either direction, unless held. And of course it is immaterial Whether one or both of the pieces be beveled. I mention the points set forth in this paragraph merely to show the scope of my invention, but con- Sider the forms illustrated in Figs.,l to 5 inclusive the best ways of carrying my invention int-o eiect.

I do not in this application claim my invention broadly as a friction grip mechanism, since that is claimed in my pending application for improvements in friction grip mechanism tiled November l, 1893. Serial No. 489,700.

Without limiting myself to the details shown, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A bolt or similar device split in the general direction of its length in two or more parts, one of which is beveled by cutting from one side a wedge shaped strip, thus forming a rocking edge lying parallel to the longitudinal axis, substantially as described.

2. A bolt or similar device split on a plane that runs in the general direction of its length, the two parts being laid together so as to make the bolt complete, one of the parts being beveled by cuttingaway from one side a wedge shaped strip, in such manner as to form a longitudinal rocking edge so positioned that it the parts are rocked relatively to each other upon this edge in one direction their joint Y diameter is increased beyond the normal diameter, substantially as described.

3. A bolt or similar device composed of two longitudinally separated parts, one of which is beveled by cutting from one side a Wedge shaped strip, without penetrating to the longitudinal axis, thus forming a rocking edge lying parallel to this axis and on the side from which the cut is started, substantially as'described.

4. Abolt or similar device split in two parts l on a plane which includes :its central longitudinal axis one part being beveled by cutting from one side a wedge shaped strip without penetrating to the central longitudinal axis, thus forming a rocking edge lying parallel to this axis and on the side from which the cut is started, substantially as described.

5. A boit or similar device, the threaded portion of which is composed of two longitudinally separated parts one of which is beveled by cutting from one side awedge shaped strip without penetrating to the longitudinal axis, thus forming a rocking edge lying parallel to this axis and on the side from which the cut is started, the beveled face being so located that the parts will be rocked ou to the edge as a nut is turned ott but not as it is turned on, whereby it is turned 0E with dithculty and turned on with comparative ease,

. substantially as described.

6. A bolt or similar device the threaded 9 portion of which is composed of two parts by splitting it on a plane that includes the central longitudinal axisof the bolt, one of the parts being beveled by cutting from one side a Wedge shaped strip without penetrating to 'the central longitudinal axis, thus forming a rocking edge lying parallel to this axis and on the side from which the cut is started,

substantially as described.

Signed in New York city July, 1893.

EDWIN STANOLIFF. In presence ot?- THOMAS Ewiiie, Jr., WM. RUSSELL.

this 15th day of IOO 

